Summary

A crucial part of CSMA-based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols that use channel sensing during transmission is Clear Channel Assessment (CCA). The channel sensing mechanism is a cross-layer scheme, where CCA operates at the PHY layer and is used on the transmitter and receiver sides. This has an effect on the MAC layer, affecting the node's energy usage and overall throughput. This paper assesses MAC protocols based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for various traffic scenarios. In order to decrease node time in idle-listening and false wakeup modes and increase node energy consumption, it suggests an adaptive CCA (A-CCA) timing mechanism.

Receivers can monitor the sender signal and adjust their wakeup periods by monitoring the radio power of the transmitters in high traffic and interference environments above the noise floor. Cooja Simulator and CC2420-based platforms were used to test the proposed scheme in order to report improved node lifetime and a decrease in false wakeups under strong interference. In light and heavy traffic environments, the proposed scheme reported (1.10% and 1.18%) reductions in radio duty cycle. The study's findings suggested that ACCA enhanced network power consumption, resulting in a 6% overall power reduction that increased node lifetime.